Introduction to railway transportation

Railway transportation is a mode of transport that uses railway trains to carry passengers and goods. It plays a vital role in the social material production process. Its characteristics include large transport capacity, high speed, relatively low cost, and generally no weather restrictions, making it suitable for long-distance transport of bulk, heavy goods. In old China, railway transport capacity was extremely weak, with only 22,000 kilometers of railway nationwide. Not only was the quantity small, the quality poor, the technology and equipment outdated, and the layout irrational, but over 90% of the railway was operated by foreign companies or controlled by foreign capital.

Over the past 30 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the railway transport industry has developed significantly. The layout has gradually improved, and all provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions except Tibet are now connected by railways. Technology, equipment, and management levels have also been strengthened and improved, making railways the mainstay of my country's freight transport in the future. Although railway transport has developed considerably, it still cannot meet the increasing transportation needs of socialist construction and remains a weak link in the national economy. In the adjustment of the national economy, the state has given it high priority, placing the development of railway transport, along with highway and waterway transport, in a position of priority and key guarantee.